CRITICAL EDITION TYPESETTER

A system for typesetting critical editions on Personal Computers

CET Frequently asked Questions with Answers (2004/01/09)

© 1996-2004 by Bernt Karasch. All rights reserved.

Please check out this FAQ, before sending e-mail to Bernt Karasch ().

See Q4.2 for details of where to get the PostScript and the HTML (WWW) versions of this document.

Section 1. CET in general

Section 2. Using CET

Section 3. Problems with CET

Section 4. Administrative information and acknowledgements

Section 1. CET in general

CET is a system for typesetting critical editions on PCs. Typesetting critical editions in the conventional way is a time and money consuming task. Revising the text can lead to the alteration of all following line numbers in the critical apparatus. Therefore, wrong line numbers in the critical apparatus are almost unavoidable - however much care has been taken during the several revisions of the text. The editor depends on a compositor, who provides the editor with printouts.

The Critical Edition Typesetter (CET) solves these problems: using CET the editor can typeset the critical edition without help from a compositor. The line numbers are computed by CET and the editor can print the text with correct line numbers at any time during the revision. CET produces an output file in PostScript format which can be printed using low cost matrix printers and professional photo-typesetters.

All the publicly available information on CET (including the CET user manual and CET updates) can be retrieved from the official CET World Wide Web site:
http://karas.ch/cet/.

The components of the CET system are MS-DOS programs, which do work under Windows 95, OS/2 and Windows NT [see Q1.6].

IBM-PC compatible computer with 80386 processor (or better)
35 MB of harddisk space

optional:
VGA video adaptor (required for Preview)
output device supported by CET:

PostScript output device (typesetter and laser printer)
HP DeskJet
HP LaserJet
HP PaintJet
Epson matrix printer and compatible printer
IBM ProPrinter
Canon BubbleJet 10e

MS-DOS 3.2 or
Windows 95 or
Windows NT 4.0 or
OS/2 2.0

The version numbers are minimal requirements and CET should work with all later versions of these operating systems.

Windows 95 and Windows NT

Open a DOS command prompt, install CET according to the CET installation notes and create a shortcut to CET.BAT on your desktop. CET works without limitations under Windows 95 and Windows NT.

OS/2 2.0

Open a DOS box and install CET according to the CET installation notes. CET works under OS/2 without limitations.

An educational licence is 152 Euro, a commercial licence is 510 Euro. Add 11 Euro for delivery via air mail to destinations outside Europe.

Educational users are faculty or staff at educational institutions (grade schools, high schools, colleges, universities) purchasing CET for use with the educational institution; everybody else requires a commercial licence.

All 1.x owners are entitled to free upgrades through 1.9, as long as the upgrades are picked up electronically.

All prices are subject to change.

Bernt Karasch
Am Pulverschuppen 15e
48155 Muenster
Germany

I accept purchase orders from universities and large companies. I reserve the right to refuse purchase orders as I see fit. I cannot accept credit cards. Please use checks. All prices are subject to change.

Please use the CET order form:
http://karas.ch/cet/cetorder.htm.

The development of CET was motivated by Prof. Dr. L. Hödl (Bochum), who was looking for an adequate computer program for typesetting his contribution to the edition of Henry of Ghent's Summa (editor: Dr. R. Macken, Leuven). Work began in June of 1992.

The CET user manual is available in English and German (http://karas.ch/cet/cetdoc.htm).

CET can be used for editing Greek and Devanagari (after installation of Devanagari for TeX Version 1.2) texts. CET can print Hebrew and Arabic texts (after installation of ArabTeX), but the support for Hebrew and Arabic is primarily intended for small insertions. Please consult the CET user manual and the Addendum to the CET user manual for more information about this topic.

Visit the CET home page at http://karas.ch/cet/ and leave your e-mail address in order to get notified via e-mail when the pages have been updated.

Albertus Magnus, Opera omnia
Henry of Ghent, Summa (art. 41-46)
Iohannes Matthaei Caccia, Cronica fratris Urbevetani
Roger Roseth, Lectura super Sententias

Albertus-Magnus-Institut (Bonn)
Collegio di S. Antonio (Rome)
Department of Near Eastern Studies (Berkeley)
Department of Philosophy (Indiana University)
Faculty of Philosophy (University of Stuttgart)
Faculty of Theology (University of Copenhagen)
Institute of Medieval Studies (University of Fribourg)
Institute of Systematic Theology (University of Helsinki)
Seminar for Latin Philology (University of Freiburg)
Thomas-Institut (University of Cologne)

CET user manual version 1.2
automatic collation of texts

If there is enough demand, I will port CET (i.e., CEPP.EXE and the CET shell) to any operating system for which a C compiler is available. As I have to buy software (and hardware) for porting, the price for CET for non-Intel architectures will be significantly higher. I have ported CEPP.EXE to OS/2 and Linux.

Section 2. Using CET

CET supports a Greek font and the following standard PostScript fonts:
AvantGarde, Bookman, Courier, Helvetica, NewCenturySchlbk, Palatino, Times, ZapfChancery

Any Adobe Type 1 PostScript font can be installed with the program addpsfnt supplied with CET. You must supply the AFM file and the PFB (or PFA) file for each font you want to add to CET [see Q2.2 and Q2.3].

You usually do not install a single font but a font family. For CET and addpsfnt a font family consists of four fonts:
normal, italic, bold, bold-italic

Example:
To add the font family Bembo consisting of the eight files

  normal        italic        bold          bold-italic

  bm______.afm  bmi_____.afm  bmb_____.afm  bmbi____.afm
  bm______.pfb  bmi_____.pfb  bmb_____.pfb  bmbi____.pfb

  addpsfnt bm______ bmi_____ bmb_____ bmbi____

Adobe has donated their Utopia Type 1 PostScript font family to the X consortium and IBM their Courier font family. Both font families are available from ftp://ftp.urc.tue.nl/pub/tex/postscript. The Courier font from IBM does have a rich set of accented characters not found in other Adobe fonts. Both fonts are fully hinted.

I do not recommend to use public domain or shareware PostScript fonts, as most of them do not contain kerning information or ligatures and most of them are not fully hinted. If you need a professional quality font, you should probably buy it from a professional [see Q2.3]. You get what you pay for.

If you are looking for a specific font, try using archie.

There are many places offering public domain and shareware Type 1 PostScript fonts:

http://www.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/atmfonts
ftp://ftp.leo.org/pub/comp/os/os2/leo/atmfonts
ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/msdos/windows/atm-fonts
http://ftp.winsite.com/win3/fonts/atm
ftp://archive.umich.edu/msdos/mswindows/fonts
ftp://src.doc.ic.ac.uk/computing/systems/ibmpc/windows3/fonts/atm

comp.fonts is a USENET group just for fonts. Visit the comp.fonts WWW home page at http://www.ora.com/homepages/comp.fonts for comprehensive information about fonts.

Contribution from Olli Hallamaa:

The neatest way to buy fonts is to buy a CD-ROM font collection such as Adobe's Type on Call or Monotype's Fone Fonts. The CD costs only a little more than a normal Type 1 font family but it includes several free fonts. In some collections it is possible to choose free fonts without any limitations, in some collection the choice is to be done between a limited number of alternatives. Buying new fonts is very simple: all you need is to create an order with an included programme and fax it to the unlocking centre. After a couple of hours you will receive a fax with unlocking codes. Adobe's Type on Call has a sophisticated font viewer with which it is possible to view all the fonts and even print out a test sheet.

There is a company specialised in fonts and software related to typographic design. It gives out a reference guide (version 4.0 was $6.95) from which you can choose hundreds of different kinds of fonts. The address is:

Precission Type Inc.
47 Mall Drive
Commack NY 11725
(800) 248-3668
(516) 864-0167
Fax: (516) 543-5721
USA

Monotype offers font samples at http://www3.digitalriver.com/type.

Adobe Systems Incorporated
1585 Charleston Rd.
P.O. Box 7900
Mountain View, CA 94039-7900
(415) 961-4400
(800) 344-8335
Fax: (415) 961-3769
USA

Agfa Division, Bayer Inc.
200 Ballardvale Street
Wilmington, MA 01887
(800) 879-2432
(508) 658-5600
Fax: (508) 658-8982
USA

Berthold of North America
7711 N. Merrimac Avenue
Niles, IL 60648
(708) 965-8800
USA

Bitstream, Inc.
Athenaeum House
215 First St.
Cambridge, MA 02142
(617) 497-6222
(800) 522-3668
31-20-5200-300 (Europe)
USA

Compugraphic Corporation
Type Division
90 Industrial Way
Wilmington, MA 01887
(800) 622-8973 (U.S.)
(800) 533-9795 (Canada)
USA

FontHaus

FontHaus is a manufacturer of typefaces and a licensed reseller for Adobe, Monotype, Bitstream, Elsner+Flake, Giampa Textware, Panache Graphics, and others around the world.

FontHaus discounts most Adobe fonts up to 40% off list price, and have CD-ROM discs available so you can buy individual fonts instead of entire families. All their fonts are available in Macintosh Type 1; most are also available in PC format; and a growing number are in TrueType format. In addition, some type manufacturers support other platforms through their CD-ROM font libraries (i.e. Monotype for Mac, PC, or NeXT). Contact them regarding availability for the fonts and formats you want.

FontHaus ships internationally and also has several agents overseas, although these agents may not have everything available as the main office in the US.

Australia (Lasermaster Aus. Pty. Ltd.)
#31 Rosina Drive
Melton, Victoria 3337
61-3-747-9301


France (Signum Art)
94 avenue Victor Hugo
94100 Saint Maur des Fosses
33-1-48-89-6046
Fax: 33-1-48-89-6045


Germany (Elsner & Flake)
Friedensallee 44
22765 Hamburg
49-40-39-88-3988


North America (USA)
1375 King's Hwy East
Fairfield, CT 06430
(800) 942-9110 or (203) 367-1993
Fax: (203) 367-1860


Sweden (FontBolaget)
Tulegatan 15 A
113 53 Stockholm
46-8-16-81-00


UK (Faces Ltd.)
349 Yorktown Road
College Town, Camberley
Surrey GU15 4PX
44-127-638-888

FontShop
Bergmannstr. 102
D-10961 Berlin
49-30-695895
Fax: 49-30-6928865
Germany

Monotype Typography Inc.
150 South Wacker Drive, Ste 2630
Chicago, IL 60606-4202
(312) 855-1440
(800) 666-6897
Fax: (312) 855-9475
USA

Softkey International GmbH
Meglinger Strasse 20
D-81477 Muenchen
49-89-785800-0
Fax: 49-89-785800-44
Germany

Southern Software, Inc.
2290 Highlands Road
Port Charlotte, FL 33983
(888) 625-3607
Fax: (941) 625-4697
USA

Treacyfaces, Inc.

The only command line switch available for CET is CLEAR. The command CET CLEAR deletes all files from the directory \CET\TEXT, which CET can recreate from the text files and the configuration files (i. e., *.TEX, *.STY, *.PS, *.IWF, ...).

If your Super VGA card is VESA compliant, the CET installation routine copies \CET\CETV.VSA to \CET\CETV.BAT. This results in a resolution of 800x600 pixels for Preview (instead of 640x480 pixels).

If your Super VGA card is not VESA compliant and you would like to use the higher resolution for Preview (800x600 pixels instead of 640x480 pixels), you can use a software VESA emulation. There is a shareware SVGA utility that provides VESA compliance for SVGA cards that normally are not VESA compliant. At the time this FAQ was last modified, univbe51.zip was the most recent release of this extender. ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/msdos/graphics also has several other card specific VESA drivers, some of which can be found in vesa_tsr.zip and vesadrv2.zip.

You can speed up CET by setting WORD_DISTANCE to 0. This setting suppresses the generation of running exponents after lemmata which appear more than once in a specific line. Do not forget to set WORD_DISTANCE to a reasonable value before typesetting the final version of your text.

CET documents are marked-up ASCII files. After exporting your text from your word processing program as a plain ASCII file and after marking up the exported text according to the CET rules you can use this file as an input file for CET. If you are using Microsoft Word you can use the document template cetdoc.dot in order to convert your Microsoft Word document into a CET document.

See Q2.7.

More complex editions consist of several sections (chapters, quaestiones, ...). It is recommended to put each section into its own text file. CET supports this approach by providing a command for including a text file at the current position. The main text file of the edition contains the commands for including the several chapters of the edition. The settings defined in the configuration file for this main text file are valid for all text files included from the main text file.

1. Type in the original text and the variants.

2. Set the first page number to 2 (<PNB>2<PNE>) and set the page number increment to 2 (PAGE_NUMBER_INCREMENT 2). Typeset and print the original text.

3. Type in the translation with page breaks (<NP>) according to your printout generated in step 2.

4. Set the first page number to 3 (<PNB>3<PNE>) and set the page number increment to 2 (PAGE_NUMBER_INCREMENT 2). Typeset and print the translation.

Put <!> (OMIT_SEPARATOR) or <OM> (OMIT) into the variant reading. <OM> suppresses the separator and prints an italic om..

Ordinary footnotes, which are connected by a number or a special character to the place in the text they refer to, can be obtained by using the following settings:

 FOOTNOTE*_FORMAT              *normal
 FOOTNOTE*_LINE_NUMBER_OMIT    *Y
 FOOTNOTE*_LEMMA_OMIT          *N
 FOOTNOTE*_SEPARATOR
 FOOTNOTE*_LINE_NUMBER_REPEAT  *Y

 Lemma(*<RB>a<RE>*) {-a-} {variant reading}

 a variant reading

Embed the TeX commands in <TMB>...<TME> (TEX_MODE_BEGIN/END).

CET regards test.txt as the word test, as the code for end of sentence (period) and as the word txt. You cannot index words which contain a period.

Adjust PARAGRAPH_INDENTATION in the configuration file. Use <PIB>...<PIE> (INDENT_BEGIN/END) in order to change the paragraph indentation from within the text.

Adjust FOOTNOTE*_RULE. The first parameter specifies the length of the footnote rule, the second parameter specifies the height of the footnote rule, the third and the fourth parameter specify the vertical space above and underneath the footnote rule respectively.

See Q2.16.

CET can handle all three cases of overlapping lemmata:

a. overlapping and nested lemmata

      (*lemma1 (*and*) {inner} lemma2*) {outer}

     results in:

      1 lemma1 ... lemma2] outer
      1 and] inner

      (*lemma1 (*^#and*) {inner} lemma2#^*) {outer}

     results in:

      1 lemma1 and] inner
      1 and lemma2] outer

      Paragraph1 @lembeg test1 text1

      Paragraph 2 test2(**) {-#lembeg test1 ... test2-} {variant} text2

     results in:

      1-2 test1 ... test2] variant

     You can use the NEW_PARAGRAPH command <NPG> instead of labels:

      Paragraph1 (*test1 text1
      <NPG>
      Paragraph 2 test2*) {variant} text2

Any word processing program which can export the text as an ASCII file can be integrated into CET. It is recommended to use an editor which supports colour syntax highlighting.

Contribution from Alain Nadeau:

I work with the Semware editor TSE-Pro 2.5, an ASCII editor under Win95. It is blistering fast, may be fully configured to one's own tastes, uses a powerful, flexible (and easy to learn) macro language, and allows syntax highlighting. It is not shareware but it is still very reasonably priced (50% rebate for members of the academic community). Their home page is: http://www.semware.com/. They maintain an active and very helpful mailing list.

Use the configuration file settings CLUB_PENALTY and WIDOW_PENALTY for telling TeX how bad club lines and widow lines are. The default value for both settings is 150. Using higher values should solve the problem with club lines and widow lines.

If increasing CLUB_PENALTY and WIDOW_PENALTY does not solve the problem, you can use <LNB>value<LNE>: If you put <LNB>1<LNE> into the paragraph containing the widow line (or into the paragraph in front of the paragraph containing the club line), TeX will try to make the paragraph containing this command one line longer than its optimum length. <LNB>-1<LNE> causes an attempt to make it one line shorter. You may have to increase the plus (and minus) values for WORD_GLUE in order to convince TeX to obey your <LNB>...<LNE> command.

1. Create a temporary directory on your hard disk.
2. Insert CET diskette 10/13 into your diskette drive and copy \BOXER\BOXER600.ZIP to the temporary directory.
3. Execute the following command in the temporary directory:
   \EMTEX\UNZIP\UNZIP BOXER600.ZIP
4. Execute BOXER.EXE in the temporary directory:

   Boxer Question	User input
   drive and directory to install to:	C:\BOXER (if C: is the CET drive; otherwise adjust C: accordingly)
   Keyboard layout	4) Borland IDE
   Printer support	Select a suitable printer.
   Screen colors	3) Blue

5. Copy C:\CET\INSTALL\DEFAULT.CLR to C:\BOXER\DEFAULT.CLR,
   copy C:\CET\INSTALL\DEFAULT.CFG to C:\BOXER\DEFAULT.CFG
   (adjust C: accordingly).
6. Remove the temporary directory.
7. Change the environment variables in \AUTOEXEC.BAT as follows:
   SET CET_EDITOR=%CET_DRIVE%\BOXER\B.EXE
   SET CET_EDITOR_JUMP=-g$
   
8. Reboot your computer.

Section 3. Problems with CET

Replace Ghostscript 3.33 (shipped with CET) with the latest version [see http://karas.ch/cet/cetupdat.htm].

The combination of LINEATION_BY *page with WORD_DISTANCE x (x greater than 0) may lead to wrong line numbers, because EDMAC oscillates between two different sets of page break decisions. Specify BALLAST 100 in the configuration file in order to avoid such oscillations.

Black rectangles at the end of line indicate lines which are too wide (i. e., lines which are wider than the sum of the values defined with HORIZONTAL_SIZE and HORIZONTAL_TOLERANCE). TeX was not able to find a good place for breaking the line. To avoid this situation you can use one or a combination of the following methods:

If there is no need to force TeX to break the line, you can increase the value defined with HORIZONTAL_TOLERANCE or you can switch off the black rectangles with MARK_BAD_LINES *N.

Perhaps TeX does not know how to hyphenate a word at the end of the line. Mark all possible places for a hyphen with |-.

Change the values for the spaces (WORD_GLUE for the main text, APPARATUS_WORD_GLUE for the critical apparatus and FOOTNOTE_PARAGRAPH_GLUE for the the distance between footnotes formatted in paragraphs): Increase the corresponding default values and the values defined with plus and minus.

Insert a horizontal space with <HSB>value<HSE> at a suitable place.

This is caused by font substitution and does not affect the printout.

<NLB> (NO_LINE_BREAK) instructs CET not to break the line at the current position in the text.

FOOTNOTE*_LINE_BREAK_AFTER_LEMMA determines, whether CET may break lines in the apparatus between a lemma and the corresponding variant reading for the footnote series specified with *.

Section 4. Administrative information and acknowledgements

CET profits tremendously from feedback. Comments on this FAQ and bug reports can be sent to .

This FAQ is available as a World Wide Web page and as a compressed PostScript file:

http://karas.ch/cet/cet_faq.htm
http://karas.ch/cet/ps_pdf/cet_faq.zip

This FAQ was written and is maintained by Bernt Karasch (). The answer to Q2.3 is based on information from the comp.fonts FAQ.

I have also had contributions from many CET Enthusiasts worldwide.

Thanks.

This document is provided as is. The information in it is not warranted to be correct; you use it at your own risk.

CET Frequently Asked Questions with Answers is Copyright 1996-2004 by Bernt Karasch ()